Disease-A-Month
Volume 54, Issue 1 , Pages 7-156 , January 2008

Contact Allergy: Alternatives for the 2007 North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG) Standard Screening Tray

References 

  1. Marks J. Allergic contact dermatitis from cosmetics: how common is it?. Cosmet Toiletries. 1990;105:73–76
  2. Adams RM, Maibach HI. A five-year study of cosmetic reactions. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1985;13:1062–1069
  3. Scheper RJ, Von Blomberg BME. Cellular mechanisms in allergic contact dermatitis. In:  Rycroft RJG,  Menne T,  Frosch PJ editor. Textbook of Contact Dermatitis. (ed 2). Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 1995;p. 11–27
  4. Wilkinson JD, Rycroft RJG. Contact dermatitis. In:  Rook A,  Wilkinson DS,  Ebling FJG, et al. editor. Textbook of Dermatology. (ed 4). London: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1986;p. 445–448
  5. Corey G. Applying patch tests from a technician’s or nurse’s point of view. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 1993;4:175–181
  6. Warshaw EM, Nelson D. Prevalence of patch testing and methodology of dermatologists in the US: results of a cross-sectional survey. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 2002;13:53–58
  7. Jonker MJ, Bruynzeel DP. The outcome of an additional patch-test reading on days 6 or 7. Contact Dermatitis. 2000;42:330–335
  8. Wahlberg JE. Patch testing. In:  Rycroft RJG,  Menne T,  Frosch PJ editor. Textbook of Contact Dermatitis. (ed 2). Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 1995;p. 250
  9. Suneja T, Belsito DV. Comparative study of finn chambers and T.R.U.E. test methodologies in detecting the relevant allergens inducing contact dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001;45:836–839
  10. Saripalli YV, Achen F, Belsito DV. The detection of clinically relevant contact allergens using a standard screening tray of twenty-three allergens. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;49:65–69
  11. Fernandez Vozmediano JM, Armario Hita JC. Concordance and discordance between T.R.U.E test and Finn chamber. Contact Dermatitis. 2000;42:182–183
  12. Wenninger JA, McEwen GN. CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook. (ed 2). Washington DC: The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association; 1992;
  13. Rietschel RL. Is patch testing cost effective?. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1989;21:885–887
  14. Johnson M-L, Johnson KG, Engel A. Prevalence, morbidity and cost of dermatologic diseases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1984;11:930–936
  15. Marks JG, Belsito DV, DeLeo VA, et al. North American contact dermatitis group patch-test results, 1998 to 2000. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 2003;14:59–62
  16. Paulsen E, Andersen KE. Colophonium and compositae mix as markers of fragrance allergy: cross-reactivity between fragrance terpenes, colophonium and Compositae plant extracts. Contact Dermatitis. 2005;53:285–291
  17. Larsen WG. How to instruct patients sensitive to fragrances. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1989;21:880–884
  18. Katsarma G, Gawkrodger DJ. Suspected fragrance allergy requires extended patch testing to individual fragrance allergens. Contact Dermatitis. 1999;41:193–197
  19. Larsen WG. How to test for fragrance allergy. Cutis. 2000;65:39–41
  20. Schnuch A, Uter W, Geier J, et al. Contact allergy to farnesol in 2021 consecutively patch tested patients (Results of the IVDK). Contact Dermatitis. 2004;50:117–121
  21. Jackson EM. AAD drafts position statement to label fragrance allergens in cosmetics. Cosmet Dermatol. 1999;12:47–51
  22. Larsen WG. Perfume dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1985;12:1–9
  23. Api AM. Only Peru Balsam extracts or distillates are used in perfumery. Contact Dermatitis. 2006;54:179
  24. Larsen W, Nakayama H, Lindberg M, et al. Fragrance contact dermatitis: a worldwide multicenter investigation (part I). Am J Contact Dermatitis. 1996;7:77–83
  25. Larsen W, Nakayama H, Fischer T, et al. Fragrance contact dermatitis: a worldwide multicenter investigation (part III). Contact Dermatitis. 2002;46:141–144
  26. Frosch PJ, Pirker C, Rastogi SC, et al. Patch testing with a new fragrance mix detects additional patients sensitive to perfumes and missed by the current fragrance mix. Contact Dermatitis. 2005;52:207–215
  27. Larsen WG. Perfume dermatitis. Arch Dermatol. 1977;113:623–626
  28. Pratt MD, Belsito DV, DeLeo VA, et al. North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch-test results, 2001-2002 study period. Dermatitis. 2004;15(4):176–183
  29. Scheinman PL. Allergic contact dermatitis to fragrance: a review. Am J Contact Dermat. 1996;7(2):65–76
  30. De Groot AC, Frosch PJ. Adverse reactions to fragrances (A clinical review). Contact Dermatitis. 1997;36(2):57–86
  31. Muller J, Brauer H. The H&R Book of Perfume. Hamburg: Verlagsgesellschaft Gloss & Co; 1992;
  32. Larsen WG. Perfume dermatits. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1985;12:1–9
  33. Bauer K, Garbe D, Surburg H. Common Fragrance and Flavor Materials: Preparation, Properties and Uses. Weinheim: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft; 1990;
  34. Thune P, Sandberg M. Allergy to lichen and compositae compounds n perfumes (Investigations on the sensitizing, toxic and mutagenic potential). Acta Derm Venereol. 1987;134(suppl):87–89
  35. Hjorth N. Eczematous allergy to balsams. Acta Dermatol Venereol. 1961;41(suppl 46):1216
  36. Krob HA, Fleischer R, D’Agostino AB, et al. Prevalence and relevance of contact dermatitis allergens: a meta analysis of 15 years of published T.R.U.E. test data. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;51(3):349–353
  37. Rietschel RL, Fowler JF. Fisher’s Contact Dermatitis. (ed 5). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001;
  38. Salam TN, Fowler JF. Balsam-related systemic contact dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001;45(3):377–381
  39. Srivastava D, Chang YT, Kumar S, et al. Identification of the constituents of balsam of Peru in tomatoes. Dermatitis. 2005;16:91–100
  40. Li M, Gow E. Benzyl alcohol allergy. Aus J Derm. 1995;36:219–220
  41. Curry EJ, Warshaw EM. Benzyl alcohol allergy: importance of patch testing with personal products. Dermatitis. 2005;16:203–208
  42. Simpson EL, Law SV, Storrs FJ. Prevalence of botanical extract allergy in patients with contact dermatitis. Dermatitis. 2004;15:67–72
  43. Cockayne SE, Gawkrodger DJ. Occupational contact dermatitis in an aromatherapist. Contact Dermatitis. 1997;37:306
  44. Bhushan M, Beck MH. Allergic contact dermatitis from tea tree oil in a wart paint. Contact Dermatitis. 1997;36:117–118
  45. Crawford GH, Sciacca JR, James WD. Tea tree oil: cutaneous effects of the extracted oil of Melaleuca alternifolia. Dermatitis. 2004;15:59–66
  46. Knight TE, Hausen BM. Melaleuca oil (tea tree oil) dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1994;30:423–427
  47. Saedi N, Crawford GH. Botanical briefs: ylang-ylang oil – extracts from the tree Cananga odorata. Cutis. 2006;77:149–150
  48. Ichihashi K, Soga F, Katoh N, et al. Allergic contact cheilitis from pentaeryritol rosinate in a lipstick. Contact Dermatitis. 2003;49:213–222
  49. Hausen BM. A 6-year experience with compositae mix. Am J Contact Dermat. 1996;7(2):94–99
  50. http://www.dormer.ca/Phy_Pages/Mixes.aspxAccessed July 26, 2007
  51. O’Hara M, Kiefer D, Farrell K, et al. A review of 12 commonly used medicinal herbs. Arch Fam Med. 1998;7:523–536
  52. Paulsen E. Contact sensitization from compositae-containing herbal remedies and cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis. 2002;47:189–198
  53. Hausen BM. Arnica Allergy. Hautarzt. 1980;31:10–17
  54. Anon . Final report on the safety assessment of Arnica Montana extract and Arnica Montana. Int J Toxicol. 2001;20:246–249
  55. Isely D. One Hundred and One Botanists. In: Iowa State University Press; 1994;p. 10–13
  56. Gunther RT. The Greek Herbal of Dioscorides. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1933;
  57. http://stevenfoster.com/education/monograph/feverfew.html
  58. Johnson ES, Kadam NP, Hylands DM, et al. Efficacy of feverfew as prophylactic treatment of migraine. Br Med J. 1985;291:569–573
  59. Vogler B, Pittler MH, Ernst E. Feverfew as a preventative treatment for migraine: a systemic review. Cephalalgia. 1998;18(10):704–708
  60. Evan R, Taylor F. Natural or alternative medications for migraine prevention. Headache. 2006;46(6):1012–1018
  61. Mittra S, Datta A, Singh K, et al. 5-hydroxytyptamine-inhibiting property of feverfew: role of parthenolide content. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2000;21(12):1106–1114
  62. Anon . Final report on the safety assessment of yarrow (Achillea millefolium) extract. Int J Toxicol. 2001;20:79–84
  63. Hartford O, Zug KA. Tea tree oil. Cutis. 2005;76(3):178–180
  64. Jacobs MR, Hornfeldt CS. Melaleuca oil poisoning. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1994;32(4):461–464
  65. Giusti F, Miglietta R, Pepe P, et al. Sensitization to propolis in 1225 children undergoing patch testing. Contact Dermatitis. 2004;51(5-6):255–258
  66. Walgrave SE, Warshaw EM, Glesne LA. Allergic contact dermatitis from propolis. Dermatitis. 2005;16(4):209–215
  67. Jackson EM. Masking fragrances revisited. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 1997;9:193–195
  68. Scheinman PL. Is it really fragrance-free?. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 1997;8:239–242
  69. Scheinman PL. Exposing covert fragrance chemicals. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 2001;12:225–228
  70. Brancaccio RR. What’s new in contact dermatitis. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 1993;4:55–57
  71. Cashman AL, Warshaw EM. Parabens: a review of epidemiology, structure, allergenicity, and hormonal properties. Dermatitis. 2005;16:57–66
  72. Fisher AA. Esoteric contact dermatitis (Part I: the paraben paradox). Cutis. 1996;57:65–66
  73. Fisher AA. Esoteric contact dermatitis (Part II: the paraben paradox). Cutis. 1996;57:135–138
  74. Formaldehyde council. Formaldehyde: a brief history and its contribution to society and the U.S. economy. http://www.formaldehyde.org
  75. Baker RR. The generation of formaldehyde in cigarettes: overview and recent experiments. Food Chem Toxicol. 2006;44(11):1799–1822
  76. Sasseville D. Hypersensitivity to preservatives. Dermatol Ther. 2004;17(3):251–263
  77. Herbert C, Rietchel RL. Formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasers: how much avoidance of cross-reacting agents is required?. Contact Dermatitis. 2004;50:371–373
  78. Bardana EJ, Montanaro A. Formaldehyde: an analysis of its respiratory, cutaneous, and immunologic effects. Ann Allergy. 1991;66(6):441–452
  79. Trocho C, Pardo R, Rafecas I, et al. Formaldehyde derived from dietary aspartame binds to tissue components in vivo. Life Sci. 1998;63(5):337–349
  80. Jacob SE, Stechschulte S. Formaldehyde, aspartame and migraines: a possible connection. Dermatitis. 2008;19(3):in press
  81. Hill AM, Belsito DV. Systemic contact dermatitis of the eyelids caused by formaldehyde derived from aspartame?. Contact Dermatitis. 2003;49(5):258–259
  82. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Medical Management Guidelines (MMGs) for Formaldehyde (HCHO). http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/MHMI/mmg111.html
  83. Murray TG, Burton TC, Rajani C, et al. Methanol poisoning (A rodent model with structural and functional evidence for retinal involvement). Arch Ophthalmol. 1991;109:1012–1016
  84. Food and Environmental Hygiene Department. The Government of Hong Kung special administration region. http://www.fehd.gov.hk/safefood/report/formaldehyde/formaldehyde.html
  85. Food Standards Agency. Analysis of formaldehyde in shiitake mushrooms (2004). http://www.food.gov.uk/science/reasearch/researchinfo/foodcomponentsresearch/phytoestrogenresearch/t05-t06programme/t05t06projectlist/t05027project/
  86. Marks JG, Moss JN, Parno JR, et al. Methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (Kathon CG) biocide: second united states multicenter study of human skin sensitization. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 1993;4:87–89
  87. Rietschel RL, Nethercott JR, Emmett EA, et al. Methylchloroisothiazolinone-methylisothiazolinone reactions in patients screened for vehicle and preservative hypersensitivity. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1990;22:734–738
  88. De Groot AC, van Ginkel CJW, Weijland JW. Methyldibromoglutaronitrile (Euxyl K 400): an important “new” allergen in cosmetics. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996;35:743–747
  89. Zachariae C, Johansen JD, Rastogi SC, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis from methyldibromo glutaronitrile: clinical cases from 2003. Contact Dermatitis. 2005;52:6–8
  90. Schnuch A, Geier J, Brasch J, et al. The preservative iodopropynyl butylcarbamate: frequency of allergic reactions and diagnostic considerations. Contact Dermatitis. 2002;46:153–156
  91. Bryld LE, Agner T, Menne T. Allergic contact dermatitis from 3-iodo-2-propynyl-butylcarbamate (IPBC): an update. Contact Dermatitis. 2001;44:276–278
  92. Badreshia S, Marks JG. Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 2002;13:77–79
  93. Fowler JF, Fowler LM, Hunter JE. Allergy to cocamidopropyl betaine may be due to amidoamine: a patch test and product use test study. Contact Dermatitis. 1997;37:276–281
  94. Expert Panel of the American College of Toxicology. Final report on the safety assessment of cocamidopropyl betaine. J Am Coll Toxicol. 1991;10:33–40
  95. Fowler JF, Zug KM, Taylor JS, et al. Allergy to cocamidopropyl betaine and amidoamine in North America. Dermatitis. 2004;15:5–6
  96. Armstrong DKB, Smith HR, Ross JS, et al. Sensitization to cocamidopropylbetaine: an 8-year review. Contact Dermatitis. 1999;40:335–336
  97. Pigatto PD, Bigardi AS, Cusano F. Contact dermatitis to cocamidopropylbetaine is caused by residual amines: relevance, clinical characteristics, and review of the literature. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 1995;6:13–16
  98. Moreau L, Sasseville D. Allergic contact dermatitis from cocamidopropyl betaine, cocamidoamine, 3-(dimethylamino)propylamine, and oleamidopropyl dimethylamine: co-reactions or cross-reactions?. Dermatitis. 2004;15:146–149
  99. Brey NL, Fowler JF. Relevance of positive patch-test reactions to cocamidopropyl betaine and amidoamine. Dermatitis. 2004;15:7–9
  100. Jackson EM. Propylene glycol: irritant, sensitizer or neither?. Cosmet Dermatol. 1995;8:43–45
  101. Scheman AJ, Severson DL. Pocket Guide to Meditations Used in Dermatology. (ed 8). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2003;
  102. Lu R, Katta R. Case reports: iatrogenic contact dermatitis due to propylene glycol. J Drugs Dermatol. 2005;4:98–101
  103. Diegenant C, Constandt L, Goossens A. Allergic contact dermatitis due to 1,3- butylene glycol. Contact Dermatitis. 2000;43:234–235
  104. Sugiura M, Hayakawa R. Contact dermatitis due to 1,3-butylene glycol. Contact Dermatitis. 1997;37:90
  105. Johansen JD, Rastogi SC, Jemec GBE. Dipropylene glycol allergy: a hidden cause of perfume contact dermatitis. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 1994;5:98–101
  106. Oleffe JD, Blondeel A, Broschmans L. Patch testing with lanolin. Contact Dermatitis. 1978;4:233
  107. Cronin E. Lanolin dermatitis. Br J Dermatol. 1966;78:617
  108. Matthieu L, Dockx P. Discrepancy in patch test results with wool wax alcohols and Amerchol L-101. Contact Dermatitis. 1997;36:150–151
  109. Scheuer E, Warshaw E. Sunscreen allergy: a review epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and responsible allergens. Dermatitis. 2006;17:3–11
  110. Schauder S, Ippen H. Contact and photocontact sensitivity to sunscreens. Contact Dermatitis. 1997;37:221–232
  111. Nedorost ST. Facial erythema as a result of benzophenone allergy. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;49s:5259–5261
  112. Alanko K, Jolanki R, Estlander T, et al. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from benzophenone-4 in hair-care products. Contact Dermatitis. 2001;44:188
  113. Matsumura T, Nakada T, Lijima M. Widespread contact dermatitis from tocopherol acetate. Contact Dermatitis. 2004;51:211–212
  114. Harris BD, Taylor JS. Contact allergy to vitamin E capsules: false-negative patch tests to vitamin E?. Contact Dermatitis. 1997;36:273
  115. Fowler JF. Allergy to cocamide DEA. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 1998;9:40–41
  116. Dejobert Y, Delaporte E, Piette F, et al. Eyelid dermatitis with positive patch test to coconut diethanolamide. Contact Dermatitis. 2005;52:173
  117. Tosti A, Guerra L, Vincenzi C, et al. Contact sensitization caused by toluene sulfonamide-formaldehyde resin in women who use nail cosmetics. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 1993;4:150–153
  118. Sainio EL, Engstrom K, Henriks-Eckerman M, et al. Allergenic ingredients in nail polishes. Contact Dermatitis. 1997;37:155–162
  119. Liden C, Berg M, Farm G, et al. Nail varnish allergy with far-reaching consequences. Br J Dermatol. 1993;128:57
  120. DeLeo VA. P-phenylenediamine. Dermatitis. 2006;17:53–55
  121. Scheman AJ. New trends in hair products: an update for dermatologists. Cosmet Dermatol. 1998;11:17–22
  122. Uter W, Lessmann H, Geier J, et al. Contact allergy to ingredients of hair cosmetics in female hairdressers and clients: an 8-year analysis of IVDK data. Contact Dermatitis. 2003;49:236–240
  123. Katugampola RP, Statham BN, English JSC, et al. A multicentre review of the hairdressing allergens tested in the UK. Contact Dermatitis. 2005;53:130–132
  124. Pratt MD, Belsito DV, DeLeo VA, et al. North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch-test results, 2001-2002 study period. Dermatitis. 2004;15:176–183
  125. Rietschel RL, Fowler JF, Fisher AA. Fisher’s Contact Dermatitis. In: (ed 5). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001;p. 167–202
  126. Berthelot C, Zirwas MJ. Allergic contact dermatitis to chloroxylenol. Dermatitis. 2006;17(3):156–159
  127. Isaksson M, Bruze M. Corticosteroids. Dermatitis. 2005;16(1):3–5
  128. Jacob SE, Steele T. Corticosteroid classes: a quick reference guide including patch test substances and cross-reactivity. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(4):723–727
  129. Scheman AJ, Severson DL. Pocket Guide to Medications Used in Dermatology. (ed 8). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2003;
  130. Ash S, Scheman AJ. Systemic contact dermatitis to hydroxyzine. Am J Contact Dermat. 1997;8(1):2–5
  131. Guin JD, Hamann C, Sullivan KM. Natural and synthetic rubber. In:  Adams RM editors. Occupational Skin Disease. (ed 3). Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 1999;p. 501–551
  132. Rietschel RL, Fowler JF, Fisher AA. Allergy to rubber. In: Fisher’s Contact Dermatitis. (ed 5). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001;p. 533–560
  133. Ohm RF. Rubber chemicals. In:  Kirk RE,  Othmer DF editor. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. New York, NY: Wiley; 2000;Available at: http://www.lib.umn.edu/get/kirk; http://www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com/kirk/kirk_search_fs.html
  134. Conde-Salazar L, Del-Rio E, Guimaraens D, et al. Type IV allergy to rubber additives: a 10-year study of 686 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1993;29:176–180
  135. Warshaw EM, Rietschel RL, Sasserville D, et al. North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch test results 2003-2004 study period. Dermatitis. 2008;in press
  136. Van Ketel WG. Thiuram-mix. Contact Dermatitis. 1976;2:232–233
  137. Marks JG, Elsner P, DeLeo VA. Contact & Occupational Dermatology. In: (ed 3). St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2002;p. 65–139
  138. Bergendorff O, Persson C, Hansson C. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of rubber allergens in protective gloves used in health care. Contact Dermatitis. 2006;55:210–215
  139. Depree GJ, Bledsoe TA, Siegel PD. Survey of sulfur-containing rubber accelerator levels in latex and nitrile exam gloves. Contact Dermatitis. 2005;53:107–113
  140. Geier J, Lessmann H, Uter W, et al. Occupational rubber glove allergy: results of the information network of departments of dermatology (IVDK), 1995-2001. Contact Dermatitis. 2003;48:39–44
  141. Downs AM, Sansom JE. Severe contact allergy to footwear responding to handmade shoes. Contact Dermatitis. 1999;40:218
  142. Mathias CG, Maibach HI. Polyvinyl chloride work boots in the management of shoe dermatitis in industrial workers. Contact Dermatitis. 1979;5:249–250
  143. Scheman A, Osburn A. Use of a breathable glove liner for prevention of delayed hypersensitivity to rubber accelerators. J Occup Environ Med. 1997;39:605
  144. Rietschel RL, Fowler JF. Textile and shoe dermatitis. In:  Rietschel RL,  Fowler JF editor. Fisher’s Contact Dermatitis. (ed 5). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001;p. 279–319
  145. Fisher AA. Condom dermatitis in either partner. Cutis. 1987;39:281;284-5
  146. Cronin E. Rubber. In: Contact Dermatitis. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1980;p. 714–770
  147. Bolhaar ST, van Ginkel CJ. Allergy to rubber additives in orthopedic braces. Contact Dermatitis. 2000;42:288–289
  148. Adams AK, Warshaw EM. Allergic contact dermatitis from mercapto compounds. Dermatitis. 2006;17:56–70
  149. Mitchell JC, Clendenning WE, Cronin E, et al. Patch testing with mercaptobenzothiazole and mercapto-mix. Contact Dermatitis. 1976;2:123
  150. Fregert S. Cross-sensitivity pattern of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT). Contact Dermatitis. 1976;49:45
  151. Hansson C, Agrup G. Stability of the mercaptobenzothiazole compounds. Contact Dermatitis. 1993;28:29–34
  152. Warshaw EM, Schram SE, Rietschel RL, et al. Shoe allergens: review of the literature and retrospective analysis of cross-sectional data from the North American Contact Dermatitis Group 2001-2004. Dermatitis. 2007;18:191–202
  153. Fisher AA. Allergic contact spandex dermatitis. Arch Dermatol. 1967;96:607–608
  154. Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by thiourea compounds. Contact Dermatitis. 1994;31:242–248
  155. Warshaw EM, Cook J, Belsito DV, et al. Positive patch test reactions to mixed dialkyl thioureas: analysis of cross-sectional data from the North American Contact Dermatitis Group, 1994-2004. Dermatitis. 2008;in press
  156. McCleskey PE, Swerlick RA. Clinical review: thioureas and allergic contact dermatitis. Cutis. 2001;68:387–396
  157. Woo DK, Militello G, James WD. Neoprene. Dermatitis. 2004;15:206–209
  158. Adams RM. Contact allergic dermatitis due to diethylthiourea in a wetsuit. Contact Dermatitis. 1982;8:277–278
  159. Kerre S, Devos L, Verhoeve L, et al. Contact allergy to diethylthiourea in a wet suit. Contact Dermatitis. 1996;35:176–178
  160. Balestrero S, Cozzani E, Ghigliotti G, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis from a wet suit. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 1999;13:228–229
  161. Gudi VS, White MI, Ormerod AD. Allergic contact dermatitis from dibutylthiourea in a wetsuit. Dermatitis. 2004;15:55–56
  162. Romaguera C, Grimalt F, Vilaplana J, et al. Contact dermatitis to thioureas. Contact Dermatitis. 1988;18:175–176
  163. Fowler JF, Clark LM. Contact allergy to a rubber knee brace. Am J Contact Dermat. 1991;2:211–212
  164. Bolhaar ST, van Ginkel CJ. Allergy to rubber additives in orthopedic braces. Contact Dermatitis. 2000;42:248
  165. Haapasaari KM, Niinimaki A. Vesicular palmar eczema from the neoprene tongue of an ankle support. Contact Dermatitis. 2000;42:248
  166. Bergendorff O, Persson CM, Hansson C. HPLC analysis of alkyl thioureas in an orthopaedic brace and patch testing with pure ethylbutylthiourea. Contact Dermatitis. 2004;51:273–277
  167. Sakata S, Cahill J, Nixon R. Allergic contact dermatitis to thiourea in a neoprene knee brace. Austr J Dermatol. 2006;47:67–69
  168. White WG, Vickers HR. Diethylthiourea as a cause of dermatitis in a car factory. Br J Ind Med. 1970;27:167–169
  169. Johnson RC, Elston DM. Wrist dermatitis: contact allergy to neoprene in a keyboard wrist rest. Am J Contact Dermat. 1997;8:172–174
  170. Bassiri S, Cohen DE. Bilateral palmar dermatitis. Am J Contact Dermat. 2002;13:75–76
  171. Reynaerts A, Bruze M, Erikstam U, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis from a medical device, followed by depigmentation. Contact Dermatitis. 1998;39:204–205
  172. Scalf LA, Fowler JF. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by dialkyl thioureas in a patient with sleep apnea. Am J Contact Dermat. 1999;10:169–171
  173. Azenha A, Brandão FM, Marques MSJ, et al. Thiourea contact sensitivity in Portugal. In:  Frosch PJ,  Dooms-Goossens A,  Lachapelle JM, et al. editor. Current Topics in Contact Dermatitis. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 1989;p. 294–297
  174. Alomar A, Vilaltella I. Contact dermatitis to dibutylthiourea in swimming goggles. Contact Dermatitis. 1985;13:348–349
  175. Foussereau J, Muslmani M, Cavelier C, et al. Contact allergy to safety shoes. Contact Dermatitis. 1986;14:233–236
  176. Romaguera C, Grimalt F, Vilaplana J. Eczematous and purpuric allergic contact dermatitis from boots. Contact Dermatitis. 1989;21:269
  177. Kanerva L, Jolanki R, Plosila M, et al. Contact dermatitis from dibutylthiourea (Report of a case with fine structural observations of epicutaneous testing with dibutylthiourea). Contact Dermatitis. 1984;10:158–162
  178. Kanerva L, Estlander T, Alanko K, et al. Occupational airborne allergic contact dermatitis from dibutylthiourea. Contact Dermatitis. 1998;38:347–348
  179. Andersen KE. Diethylthiourea contact dermatitis from an acidic detergent. Contact Dermatitis. 1983;9:146
  180. Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Elsner P. Contact dermatitis due to occupational dibutylthiourea exposure: a case of phonecard dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis. 1995;32:308–309
  181. Thomas R, Dexter M, King RE. Antioxidants, polymers. In:  Kirk RE,  Othmer DF editor. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. New York, NY: Wiley; 2000;Available at: http://www.lib.umn.edu/get/kirk; http://www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com/kirk/kirk_search_fs.html
  182. Menne T, White IR, Bruynzeel DP, et al. Patch test reactivity to the PPD-black-rubber-mix (industrial rubber chemicals) and individual ingredients. Contact Dermatitis. 1992;26:354
  183. Kuijpers DI, Hillen F, Frank JA. Occupational peri-ocular contact dermatitis due to sensitization against black rubber components of a microscope. Contact Dermatitis. 2006;55:77–80
  184. Conde-Salazar L, Valks R, Acebes CG, et al. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from antioxidant amines in a dental technician. Dermatitis. 2004;15:197–200
  185. Warshaw EM. Latex allergy. Skin Med. 2003;2:359–366
  186. Taylor JS, Erkek E. Latex allergy: diagnosis and management. Dermatol Ther. 2004;17:289–301
  187. Cohen DE, Scheman A, Stewart L, et al. American academy of dermatology’s position paper on latex allergy. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;39:98–106
  188. Cullinan P, Brown R, Field A, et al. Latex allergy (A position paper of the British society of allergy and clinical immunology). Clin Exp Allergy. 2003;33:1484–1499
  189. Björkner B. Plastic materials. In:  Adams RM editors. Occupational Skin Disease. (ed 3). Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 1999;p. 434–462
  190. Emmett EA. Allergic contact dermatitis in polyurethane plastic moulders. J Occup Med. 1976;18:802–804
  191. Estlander T, Keskinen H, Jolanki R, et al. Occupational dermatitis from exposure to polyurethane chemicals. Contact Dermatitis. 1992;27:161–165
  192. Fregert S, Trulson L, Zimerson E. Contact allergic reactions to diphenylthiourea and phenylisothiocyanate in PVC adhesive tape. Contact Dermatitis. 1982;8:38–42
  193. Rodgers B, Waddell WH, Solis S, et al. Rubber compounding. In:  Kirk RE,  Othmer DF editor. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. New York, NY: Wiley; 2000;Available at: http://www.lib.umn.edu/get/kirk; http://www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com/kirk/kirk_search_fs.html
  194. Hansen MB, Johansen JD, Menne T. Chromium allergy: significance of both Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Contact Dermatitis. 2003;49(4):206–212
  195. Burrows D. Chromium. In:  Kanerva L,  Elsner P,  Wahlberg JE, et al. editor. Handbook of Occupational Dermatology. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2000;p. 535–539
  196. Contact Dermatitis and other reactions to metals. In:  Rietschel RL,  Fowler JF editor. Fisher’s Contact Dermatitis. (ed 5). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2001;p. 620
  197. Kang EK, Lee S, Park JH, et al. Determination of hexavalent chromium in cosmetic products by ion chromatography and postcolumn derivatization. Contact Dermatitis. 2006;54(5):244–248
  198. Rutala WA, Weber DJ. Infection control: the role of disinfection and sterilization. J Hosp Infect. 1999;43(suppl):S43–S55
  199. http://www.ldsleather.com/lether/tutorial.htmlAccessed March 2007
  200. Jordan SL, Stowers MF, Trawick EG, et al. Glutaraldehyde permeation: choosing the proper glove. Am J Infect Control. 1996;24(2):67–69
  201. Ramirez de Knott HM, McCormick TS, Kalka K, et al. Cutaneous hypersensitivity to Malassezia sympodialis and dust mite in adult atopic dermatitis with a textile pattern. Contact Dermatitis. 2006;54(2):92–99
  202. Herve-Bazin B, Foussereau J, Cavelier C. [Allergic eczema due to textile pigment-supports] [Article in French].). Berufsdermatosen. 1977;25(3):113–117
  203. Schindler WD, Hauser PJ. Chemical Finishing of Textiles. In: Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Ltd; 2004;p. 52
  204. Scheman AJ, Carroll PA, Brown KH, et al. Formaldehyde-related textile allergy: an update. Contact Dermatitis. 1998;38(6):332–336
  205. Lazarov A. Textile dermatitis in patients with contact sensitization in Israel. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2004;18:531–537
  206. Carlson RM, Smith MC, Nedorost ST. Diagnosis and treatment of dermatitis due to formaldehyde resins in clothing. Dermatitis. 2004;15:169–175[Published erratum in Dermatitis 2005;16:106.]
  207. Isaksson M, Zimerson E, Bruze M. Occupational dermatoses in composite production. J Occup Environ Med. 1999;41(4):261–266Apr
  208. Hatch K. Textile dyes as allergic contact allergens. Curr Probl Dermatol. 2003;31:139–155
  209. Pratt M, Taraska V. Disperse blue dyes 106 and 124 are common causes of textile dermatitis and should serve as screening allergens for this condition. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 2000;11(1):30–41
  210. Matulich J, Sullivan J. A temporary henna tattoo causing hair and clothing dye allergy. Contact Dermatitis. 2005;53(1):33–36
  211. Komericki P, Aberer W, Arbab E, et al. Pigmented purpuric contact dermatitis from Disperse Blue 106 and 124 dyes. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001;45(3):456–458
  212. Shah SA, Ormerod AD. Pigmented purpuric clothing dermatitis due to disperse dyes. Contact Dermatitis. 2000;43(6):360;Dec
  213. van der Veen JP, Neering H, de Haan P, et al. Pigmented purpuric clothing dermatitis due to Disperse Blue 85. Contact Dermatitis. 1988;19(3):222–223
  214. Hatch KL, Motschi H, Maibach HI. Disperse dyes in fabrics of patients patch-test-positive to disperse dyes. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 2003;14(4):205–212
  215. Cohen D, Hatch K, Maibach H, et al. Clothes make the (wo)man: diagnosis and management of clothing dermatitis. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 2001;12:229
  216. Downs AM, Sansom JE. Colophony allergy: a review. Contact Dermatitis. 1999;41:305–310
  217. Hausen BM, Kreuger A, Mohnert J, et al. Contact allergy due to colophony (III) (Sensitizing potency of resin acids and some related products). Contact Dermatitis. 1989;20:41–50
  218. Goossens A, Arminguad P, Avenel-Audran M, et al. An epidemic of allergic contact dermatitis due to epilating products. Contact Dermatitis. 2002;47:67–70
  219. Gafvert E, Bordalo O, Karlberg AT. Patch testing with allergens from modified rosin (colophony) discloses additional cases of contact allergy. Contact Dermatitis. 1996;35:290–298
  220. Salim A, Shaw S. Recommendation to include ester gum resin when patch testing patients with leg ulcers. Contact Dermatitis. 2001;44:34–60
  221. Rietschel RL, Fowler JF. Fisher’s Contact Dermatitis. In: (ed 5). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001;p. 312
  222. Pereira TM, Flour M, Goossens A. Allergic contact dermatitis from modified colophonium in wound dressings. Contact Dermatitis. 2007;56:5–9
  223. Rietschel RL, Fowler JF. Fisher’s Contact Dermatitis. In: (ed 5). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001;p. 337
  224. Machet L, Couhe C, Perrinaud A, et al. A high prevalence of sensitization still persists in leg ulcer patients: a retrospective series of 106 patients tested between 2001 and 2002 and a meta-analysis of 1975-2003 data. Br J Dermatol. 2004;150:929–935
  225. Sasseville D, Tennstedt D, Lachapelle JM. Allergic contact dermatitis from hydrocolloid dressings. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 1997;8:236–238
  226. Downs AMR, Sharp LA, Sansom JA. Penterythritol-esterified gum rosin as a sensitizer in Granuflex hydrocolloid dressing. Contact Dermatitis. 1999;41:162
  227. Lachapelle JM, Leroy B. Allergic contact dermatitis to colophony included in the formulation of flexible collodion BP, the vehicle of a salicylic and lactic acid wart paint. Dermatol Clin. 1990;8:143–146
  228. Quain RD, Militello G, Crawford GH. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by colophony in an epilating product. Dermatitis. 2007;18:96–98
  229. Karlberg AT, Magnusson K. Rosin components identified in diapers. Contact Dermatitis. 1996;34:176–180
  230. Sainio EL, Henriks-Eckerman ML, Kanerva L. Colophony, formaldehyde, and mercury in mascaras. Contact Dermatitis. 1996;34:364–365
  231. Rademaker M. Allergic contact dermatitis to a sanitary pad. Austr J Dermatol. 2004;45:234–235
  232. Cockayne SE, Murphy R, Gawkrodger DJ. Occupational contact dermatitis from colophonium in a dental technician. Contact Dermatitis. 2001;44:60–61
  233. Karlberg AT, Gafvert E, Liden C. Environmentally friendly paper may increase the risk of hand eczema in rosin-sensitive persons. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1995;33:427–432
  234. Ozaki A, Ooshima T, Mori Y. Migration of dehydroabietic and abietic acids from paper and paperboard food packaging into food-simulating solvents and Tenax TA. Food Addit Contam. 2006;23:854–860
  235. Karlberg A-T, Lidén C. Colophony (rosin) in newspaper may contribute to hand eczema. Br J Dermatol. 1992;126:161–165
  236. Marks JG, Deleo VA. Contact and Occupational Dermatology. In: (ed 2). St. Louis, MO: Mosby-Year Book; 1997;p. 83
  237. Taylor JS, Bergfeld WF, Guin JD, et al. Contact dermatitis to knee patch adhesive in boys’ jeans: a nonoccupational cause of epoxy resin sensitivity. Cleve Clin Q. 1983;50:123
  238. Marks JG, Deleo VA. Contact and Occupational Dermatology. In: (ed 2). St. Louis, MO: Mosby-Year Book; 1997;p. 85
  239. Pfeiffer P, Rosenbauer EU. Residual methyl methacrylate monomer, water sorption, and water solubility of hypoallergenic denture base materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2004;92:72–78
  240. Rietschel RL, Fowler JF. Fisher’s Contact Dermatitis. In: (ed 5). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001;p. 456
  241. Sood A, Taylor JS. Acrylic reactions: a review of 56 cases. Contact Dermatitis. 2003;48:346–347
  242. Darre E, Vedel P, Jensen JS. Skin protection against methylmethacrylate. Acta Orthop Scand. 1987;58:236–238
  243. Edwards TB, Habetz S, D’Ambrosia RD. The effect of polymethyl methacrylate on latex-free surgical gloves. J Arthroplasty. 2001;16:541–542
  244. Zirwas MJ. Acrylates. Dermatitis. 2006;17:109–110
  245. Goon AT, Isaksson M, Zimerson E, et al. Contact allergy to (meth)acrylates in the dental series in southern Sweden: simultaneous positive patch test reaction patterns and possible screening allergens. Contact Dermatitis. 2006;55:219–226
  246. Rofagha R, Zirwas MJ. Painful edema of the cheek. Dermatitis. 2005;16:145–146
  247. Henriks-Eckerman ML, Suuronen K, Jolanki R, et al. Methacrylates in dental restorative materials. Contact Dermatitis. 2004;50:233–237
  248. Peutzfeldt A. Resin composites in dentistry: the monomer systems. Eur J Oral Sci. 1997;105:97–116
  249. Lygre H, Hol PJ, Solheim E, et al. Organic leachables from polymer-based dental filling materials. Eur J Oral Sci. 1999;107:378–383
  250. Segerstrom S, Meric G, Knarvang T, et al. Evaluation of two matrix materials intended for fiber-reinforced polymers. Eur J Oral Sci. 2005;113:422–428
  251. Koutis D, Freeman S. Allergic contact stomatitis caused by acrylic monomer in a denture. Austr J Dermatol. 2001;42:203–206
  252. Mowad CM, Ferringer T. Allergic contact dermatitis from acrylates in artificial nails. Dermatitis. 2004;15:51–53
  253. Kanerva L. Ethyl cyanoacrylate does not cross-react with methacrylates and acrylates. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 1997;8:54
  254. Guin J, Baas K, Nelson-Adesokan P. Contact sensitization to cyanoacrylate adhesive as a cause of severe onychodystrophy. Int J Dermatol. 1998;37:31–36
  255. Meding B, Ringdahl A. Allergic contact dermatitis from the ear-molds of hearing aids. Ear-Hear. 1992;13:122–124
  256. Sood A, Taylor JS. Allergic contact dermatitis from hearing aid materials. Dermatitis. 2004;15:48–50
  257. Mortz CG, Lauritsen JM, Bindsley-Jensen C, et al. Nickel sensitization in adolescents and association with ear piercing, use of dental braces, and hand eczema (The Odense Adolescence Cohort Study on Atopic diseases and dermatitis (TOACS)). Acta Derm Venereol. 2002;82:359–364
  258. Ehrlich A, Kucenic M, Belsito DV. Role of body piercing in the induction of metal allergies. Am J Contact Dermat. 2001;12:151–155
  259. Gawkrodger DJ, Healy J, Howe AM. The prevention of nickel contact dermatitis: a review of the use of binding agents and barrier creams. Contact Dermatitis. 1995;32:257–265
  260. Kaufmann RE, Banner W, Blumer JL, et al. Clioquinol (iodochlorohydroxyquin, Vioform) and iodoquinol (diiodohydroxyquin): blindness and neuropathy. Pediatrics. 1990;86:797–798
  261. Memon AA, Molokhia MM, Friedmann PS. The inhibitory effects of topical chelating agents and antioxidants on nickel-induced hypersensitivity reactions. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1994;30:560–565
  262. Wohrl S, Kriechbaumer N, Hemmer W, et al. A cream containing the chelator DTPA (diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid) can prevent contact allergic reactions to metals. Contact Dermatitis. 2001;44:224–228
  263. Haudrechy P, Mantout B, Frappaz A, et al. Nickel release from stainless steels. Contact Dermatitis. 1997;37:113–117
  264. Jensen CS, Menne T, Lisby S, et al. Experimental systemic contact dermatitis from nickel: a dose-response study. Contact Dermatitis. 2003;49:124–132
  265. Antico A, Soana R. Chronic allergic-like dermatopathies in nickel-sensitive patients (Results of dietary restrictions and challenge with nickel salts). Allergy Asthma Proc. 1999;20:235–242
  266. Fowler JF. Disulfiram is effective for nickel allergic hand eczema. Am J Contact Dermatitis. 1992;3:175
  267. Rietschel RL, Fowler JF. Fisher’s Contact Dermatitis. In: (ed 5). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001;p. 638
  268. McNeely MD, Neckay MW, Sunderman EW. Measurements of nickel in serum and urine as indices of environmental exposure to nickel. Clin Chem. 1972;18:992
  269. Andersen KE, Nielsen GD, Flyvvholm MA, et al. Nickel in tap water. Contact Dermatitis. 1983;9:140–143
  270. Rietschel RL, Fowler JF. Fisher’s Contact Dermatitis. In: (ed 5). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001;p. 728–729
  271. Joneja JM. Managing Food Allergy and Intolerance: A Practical Guide. In: Port Coquitlam: J.A. Hall Publications; 1995;p. 247–262
  272. Grandjean P. Human exposure to nickel. IARC Sci Publ. 1984;53:469–485
  273. Dugo G, La Pera L, Lo Turco V, et al. Determination of Ni (II) in beverages without any sample pretreatment by adsorptive stripping chronopotentiometry (AdSCP). J Agric Food Chem. 2004;52:1829–1834
  274. Flint GN, Packirisamy S. Systemic nickel: the contribution made by stainless-steel cooking utensils. Contact Dermatitis. 1995;32:218–224
  275. Pedersen GA, Mortensen GK, Larsen EH. Beverages as a source of toxic trace element intake. Food Addit Contam. 1994;11:351–363
  276. Pigatto PD, Gibelli E, Fumagalli M, et al. Disodium cromoglycate versus diet in the treatment and prevention of nickel-positive pompholyx. Contact Dermatitis. 1990;22:27–31
  277. Granchi D, Cenni E, Trisolino G, et al. Sensitivity to implant materials in patients undergoing total hip replacement. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2006;77:257–264
  278. Davis MD, Mowad CM, Scheinman P. Orthopedic prostheses: is there any point in patch testing?. Dermatitis. 2004;15:210–212
  279. Spiechowicz E, Glantz PO, Axell T, et al. A long-term follow-up of allergy to nickel among fixed prostheses wearers. Eur Prosthodont Restor Dent. 1999;7:41–44
  280. Dobson RL. Earrings for nickel-sensitive women. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1987;16:631
  281. Barker O. All that glitters is not just gold. USA Today. 2007;5D;6/20/
  282. Walsh G, Wilkinson SM. Materials and allergens within spectacle frames: a review. Contact Dermatitis. 2006;55:130–139
  283. Ruff CA, Belsito DV. The impact of various patient factors on contact allergy to nickel, cobalt, and chromate. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;55:32–39
  284. Rietschel RL, Fowler JF. Fisher’s Contact Dermatitis. In: (ed 5). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001;p. 626
  285. Sainio EL, Jolanki R, Hakala E, et al. Metals and arsenic in eye shadows. Contact Dermatitis. 2000;42:5–10

PII: S0011-5029(07)00133-2

doi: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2007.10.002

Disease-A-Month
Volume 54, Issue 1 , Pages 7-156 , January 2008