Disease-A-Month
Volume 55, Issue 12 , Pages 724-728 , December 2009

Cervical Sprain/Strain Definition

References 

  1. Bogduk N. The anatomy and pathophysiology of whiplash. Clin Biomech. 1986;1:92–100
  2. Stovner L. The nosologic status of the whiplash syndrome: A critical review based on methodological approach. Spine. 1996;21:2735–2746
  3. Norris S. The prognosis of neck injuries resulting from rear-end vehicle collisions. J Bone Joint Surg. 1983;65:608–611
  4. Spitzer W, Skovron M. Scientific monograph of the Core Back Task Force on Whiplash Associated Disorder: Redefining whiplash and its management. Spine. 1995;20(suppl):S1–S5
  5. Mealy K, Brennan H. Early mobilization of acute whiplash injury. BMJ. 1986;292:1656–1657
  6. Mckinney L. Early mobilization of acute sprain of the neck. BMJ. 1989;299:1006–1008
  7. Rosenfeld M. Early intervention in whiplash associated disorder. Spine. 2000;25:1782–1787
  8. Brison RJ, Hartling L, Dostaler S, et al. A randomized controlled trial of an educational intervention to prevent the chronic pain of whiplash associated disorders following rear-end motor vehicle collisions. Spine. 2005;30:1799–1807
  9. Janda V. Muscles and cervicogenic pain syndromes. In:  Grant R editors. Physical Therapy of the Cervical and Thoracic Spine. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1998;p. 153–166
  10. Simons D. Travell and Simon's Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual, vol I (Upper Half of the Body). 2nd ed.. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1999;p. 278-307, 432-44, 445-71, 504-37
  11. Freund JB, Schwartz M. Treatment of chronic cervical-associated headache with botulinum toxin A: A pilot study. Headache. 2000;40:231–236
  12. Holm L, Carroll L, Cassidy JD, et al. Factors influencing neck pain intensity in whiplash-associated disorders. Spine. 2006;31:E98–E104
  13. Hardner S. The effect of sociodemographic and crash related factors on the prognosis of whiplash. J Clin Epidemiol. 1998;51:377–384
  14. Radanov B, Sturzenegger M. Long term outcome after whiplash injury: A 2 year follow-up considering features of injury mechanism and somatic, radiologic and psychosocial findings. Medicine. 1995;1974:281–297

PII: S0011-5029(09)00091-1

doi: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2009.06.006

Disease-A-Month
Volume 55, Issue 12 , Pages 724-728 , December 2009

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